A Proportional+Integral+Derivative (PID) controller is to be used to
control the level of liquid in a tank, measured as the Process
Variable (PV)
by a level transducer. The setpoint (SP)
for the controller is obtained from a faceplate control, which also
displays the PV
as well as the output value (XOUT).
The output value is used to set the position of a valve which
determines the rate of flow of liquid into the tank. This level is to
be maintained in the presence of exogenous changes in the rate of
liquid removal by a variable-speed pump.